Description:

Cyperus hypochlorus var. hypochlorus is a perennial herb, forming large, dense clumps with short, woody rhizomes clothed in dark reddish-brown or purplish-brown scales and their fibrous remnants. Its culms are stout, 50–130 cm tall, 5–16 mm in diameter at the base, trigonous, and smooth. The plant has several coriaceous leaves, linear and as long as or slightly longer than the culm, measuring 8–15 mm wide, with dark reddish-brown sheaths. It produces flowers in umbelliform, compound, or partially compound inflorescences that are moderately dense, 5–18 cm long, and 7–25 cm wide, with rays spreading 6–12, 3–16 cm long, once branched, each branch with 2–4 secondary rays, spikes cylindrical to oblong-elliptic, 2.5–4 cm long, 1.2–2 cm wide, densely bearing numerous spikelets. The spikelets are 3–8-flowered, widely spreading to slightly reflexed, linear-lanceoloid, subterete, slightly turgid, 6–16 mm long, 1.5–2.5 mm wide, rachilla broadly winged, glumes green and often tinged pale yellowish-brown, chartaceous with hyaline upper margins, oblong-lanceolate or oblong-elliptic, 3.5–5.5 mm long, 1.5–2.5 mm wide, laxly imbricate, suberect but those in the upper part of spikelet weakly spreading, 7–nerved or 9–nerved, midnerve prolonged into a minute recurved mucro. The achenes are oblong-ellipsoid, trigonous, 1.7–2 mm long, ca. 0.8 mm wide. The seeds are 1 per achene, with a thin seed coat, free from the pericarp, basal embryo, and abundant endosperm. It inhabits open sites in wet forests, especially waterways, and occasionally mesic forests between 850-1280 meters.

Cyperus hypochlorus var. hypochlorus

Family: Cyperaceae

Hawaiian Name: ‘ahu‘awa

 Minimum Length: 1.11 (mm)

 Maximum Length: 1.44 (mm)

 Minimum Width: 0.43 (mm)

 Maximum Width: 0.49 (mm)

 Minimum Mass: 0.03 (mg)

 Maximum Mass: 0.08 (mg)

 Texture: Colliculate

Geographic Distribution:

 Hawaii Island, Kauai, Maui, Molokai, Oahu

PEPP Status:

Not Applicable

Native Status:

Endemic
KNO3
N/A

2D Seed Shapes

Bean-shaped (Reniform): Resembling the shape of a kidney or bean.

Square or Oblong: Angular shape with all sides more or less equal or longer than wide.

Triangular: Three-sided shape, broadest below the middle.

Elliptic: Rounded at both ends. shaped like an ellipse or oval.

Ovate or Obovate: egg-shaped, broader at one end.

Linear: Extremely long and narrow, with sides usually parallel.

Round: Appears circular, with length and width roughly the same.

Cardioid (Heart-Shaped): One edge has a prominent double curve into two lobes.

3D Seed Shapes

Cylindrical: A cylinder with parallel sides and a circular cross-section.

Discoid: Resembling a disc or plate with two relatively flat surfaces.

Fusiform: Spindle-shaped, tapering at both ends.

Globose: Spherical.

Lenticular: Resembling a lens with two convex surfaces.

Ovoid: Egg-shaped.

Plano-convex: Having a flat ventral (planar) surface and a curved dorsal (convex) surface.

Polygonal: Having more than three flat faces meeting at angles.

Sectoroid: Resembling a segment of an orange with two relatively flat faces and one curved face.

Subglobose/ellipsoid: Inflated shape but less than spherical.

Trigonous: Having three faces that meet at a distinct angle; triangular in cross-section.

Federal Status

Endangered species (E) are species that are so rare they’re in danger of becoming extinct.

Threatened species (T) are species that are likely to become endangered within the foreseeable future throughout all or a significant portion of their range.

Species of Concern (SOC) are species about which there are some concerns regarding status and threats, but insufficient information is available to list the species under the Endangered Species Act (ESA).

Plant Extinction Prevention (PEP) is a state status for rare plants that focuses its efforts on species that have fewer than 50 remaining wild individuals.

Storage Behavior

Orthodox seeds (desiccation-tolerant): can be dried to an internal seed moisture of less than 12% water and stored at freezing temperatures.

Intermediate seeds (temperature-sensitive) tend to age faster than orthodox seeds and may have only a 5-year lifespan when stored at -20°C. They are recommended for storage at 5°C.

Recalcitrant seeds (desiccation-sensitive): cannot be stored in a conventional freezer as they cannot survive after drying and/or freezing at -20°C. They are recommended for cryopreservation storage.