Description:

Cyrtandra hematos is a shrub reaching 0.3–1.5(–2) meters in height, with few-branched stems that are rounded to angular and covered in multicellular hairs, which may become smoother (glabrate) over time. The leaves are in whorls of 3–4 per node, primarily on the upper 5–8 nodes. The leaves are subequal at each node, symmetrical or nearly so, and elliptic in shape, measuring 9–15 cm in length and 2.5–4 cm in width. They have acuminate apexes, cuneate bases, and serrate margins. The upper surfaces of the leaves are sparsely bullate hirsute, while the lower surfaces are sparsely appressed pilose, mainly along the principal veins, with the blades being chartaceous. The petioles range from 1.5 to 6.5 cm long and may clasp the stem or appear perfoliate. The flowers are solitary, arising in the leaf axils or occasionally along the stems, with an 8–10 mm long peduncle and an 8–22 mm long pedicel. The calyx is nearly actinomorphic, green(?), 8–9 mm long, and cleft to the base, with lobes ranging from oblong to narrowly lanceolate. The corolla is typically bilabiate and white, with a narrow funnelform tube approximately 18 mm long. The plant has five stamens, two upper fertile and three staminodial stamens. The flower’s ovary is superior, glabrous, and oblong-ovoid with a parietal placentation. The fruit is described as a fleshy or firm ovoid berry, about 1.2 cm long in its immature state, often tipped by the persistent stylar beak.  It is found in wet forests between 1,030-1,150 meters.

Cyrtandra hematos

Family: Gesneriaceae

Hawaiian Name: ha‘iwale, kanawao ke‘oke‘o

 Minimum Length: 0.35 (mm)

 Maximum Length: 0.44 (mm)

 Minimum Width: 0.21 (mm)

 Maximum Width: 0.24 (mm)

 Minimum Mass: 0.009 (mg)

 Maximum Mass: 0.015 (mg)

 Texture: Reticulate, Alveolate

Geographic Distribution:

 Molokai

PEPP Status:

PEPP

Native Status:

Endemic
Intermediate

2D Seed Shapes

Bean-shaped (Reniform): Resembling the shape of a kidney or bean.

Square or Oblong: Angular shape with all sides more or less equal or longer than wide.

Triangular: Three-sided shape, broadest below the middle.

Elliptic: Rounded at both ends. shaped like an ellipse or oval.

Ovate or Obovate: egg-shaped, broader at one end.

Linear: Extremely long and narrow, with sides usually parallel.

Round: Appears circular, with length and width roughly the same.

Cardioid (Heart-Shaped): One edge has a prominent double curve into two lobes.

3D Seed Shapes

Cylindrical: A cylinder with parallel sides and a circular cross-section.

Discoid: Resembling a disc or plate with two relatively flat surfaces.

Fusiform: Spindle-shaped, tapering at both ends.

Globose: Spherical.

Lenticular: Resembling a lens with two convex surfaces.

Ovoid: Egg-shaped.

Plano-convex: Having a flat ventral (planar) surface and a curved dorsal (convex) surface.

Polygonal: Having more than three flat faces meeting at angles.

Sectoroid: Resembling a segment of an orange with two relatively flat faces and one curved face.

Subglobose/ellipsoid: Inflated shape but less than spherical.

Trigonous: Having three faces that meet at a distinct angle; triangular in cross-section.

Federal Status

Endangered species (E) are species that are so rare they’re in danger of becoming extinct.

Threatened species (T) are species that are likely to become endangered within the foreseeable future throughout all or a significant portion of their range.

Species of Concern (SOC) are species about which there are some concerns regarding status and threats, but insufficient information is available to list the species under the Endangered Species Act (ESA).

Plant Extinction Prevention (PEP) is a state status for rare plants that focuses its efforts on species that have fewer than 50 remaining wild individuals.

Storage Behavior

Orthodox seeds (desiccation-tolerant): can be dried to an internal seed moisture of less than 12% water and stored at freezing temperatures.

Intermediate seeds (temperature-sensitive) tend to age faster than orthodox seeds and may have only a 5-year lifespan when stored at -20°C. They are recommended for storage at 5°C.

Recalcitrant seeds (desiccation-sensitive): cannot be stored in a conventional freezer as they cannot survive after drying and/or freezing at -20°C. They are recommended for cryopreservation storage.