Description:

Dubautia latifolia is a diffusely branched liana with slender, glabrous stems that can reach up to 8 meters or more long and occasionally up to 7 cm in diameter near the base. The leaves are simple, opposite, and widely spaced, with elliptic to oblong-elliptic blades measuring 8-17 cm long and 2.5-7 cm wide. They are conspicuously and finely reticulate with nearly isodiametric areola, glabrous, with entire or inconspicuously toothed margins at the apex. The leaves are very sparsely ciliolate and sparsely glandular, especially toward the base of young leaves. The apex is acute to acuminate, often inequilateral, and the base is rounded or cuneate, tapering to a well-defined petiole usually 0.4-0.6 cm long. The petiole is dilated at the insertion point, partly clasping the stem, and connate to the opposing petiole. The inflorescences are numerous, lax, or somewhat congested in pyramidal or oblong, decompound, paniculate arrangements measuring 15-45 cm long and 10-30 cm wide. The peduncles are densely dingy pubescent or subvelutinous, with the ultimate ones usually also glandular and 1-5 mm long. The receptacle is flat, with a false involucre consisting of a single series of usually 4-5 peripheral, strongly connate receptacular bracts 5-7 mm long that are densely dingy pubescent or subvelutinous and markedly glandular. There are usually 4-5 florets per head, with yellow corollas that are 4-5 mm long and eglandular. The pappus consists of usually 17-20 very narrowly linear bristles that are usually 5-6.5 mm long with conspicuous marginal cilia about 0.5 mm long. The fruit is a simple, dry achene (cypsela), usually 9 – 11 mm long (including the pappus) and moderately strigillose. It occurs on gentle to steep slopes with well-drained soil in semi-open, diverse montane mesic forests between 975 – 1,200 meters.

Dubautia latifolia

Family: Asteraceae

Hawaiian Name: koholāpehu

 Minimum Length: 9.45 (mm)

 Maximum Length: 11.11 (mm)

 Minimum Width: 0.88 (mm)

 Maximum Width: 1.07 (mm)

 Minimum Mass: 0.85 (mg)

 Maximum Mass: 1.09 (mg)

 Texture: TBD

Geographic Distribution:

 Kauai

PEPP Status:

Not Applicable

Native Status:

Endemic

2D Seed Shapes

Bean-shaped (Reniform): Resembling the shape of a kidney or bean.

Square or Oblong: Angular shape with all sides more or less equal or longer than wide.

Triangular: Three-sided shape, broadest below the middle.

Elliptic: Rounded at both ends. shaped like an ellipse or oval.

Ovate or Obovate: egg-shaped, broader at one end.

Linear: Extremely long and narrow, with sides usually parallel.

Round: Appears circular, with length and width roughly the same.

Cardioid (Heart-Shaped): One edge has a prominent double curve into two lobes.

3D Seed Shapes

Cylindrical: A cylinder with parallel sides and a circular cross-section.

Discoid: Resembling a disc or plate with two relatively flat surfaces.

Fusiform: Spindle-shaped, tapering at both ends.

Globose: Spherical.

Lenticular: Resembling a lens with two convex surfaces.

Ovoid: Egg-shaped.

Plano-convex: Having a flat ventral (planar) surface and a curved dorsal (convex) surface.

Polygonal: Having more than three flat faces meeting at angles.

Sectoroid: Resembling a segment of an orange with two relatively flat faces and one curved face.

Subglobose/ellipsoid: Inflated shape but less than spherical.

Trigonous: Having three faces that meet at a distinct angle; triangular in cross-section.

Federal Status

Endangered species (E) are species that are so rare they’re in danger of becoming extinct.

Threatened species (T) are species that are likely to become endangered within the foreseeable future throughout all or a significant portion of their range.

Species of Concern (SOC) are species about which there are some concerns regarding status and threats, but insufficient information is available to list the species under the Endangered Species Act (ESA).

Plant Extinction Prevention (PEP) is a state status for rare plants that focuses its efforts on species that have fewer than 50 remaining wild individuals.

Storage Behavior

Orthodox seeds (desiccation-tolerant): can be dried to an internal seed moisture of less than 12% water and stored at freezing temperatures.

Intermediate seeds (temperature-sensitive) tend to age faster than orthodox seeds and may have only a 5-year lifespan when stored at -20°C. They are recommended for storage at 5°C.

Recalcitrant seeds (desiccation-sensitive): cannot be stored in a conventional freezer as they cannot survive after drying and/or freezing at -20°C. They are recommended for cryopreservation storage.