Description:

Embelia pacifica is a liana, or when young, a scandent shrub. The branches spread widely and are notable for their prominent, slightly raised lenticels. The leaves are simple and alternate, with blades that are obovate to elliptic or rarely suborbicular, ranging in size from 3.5 to 19 cm in length and 1.4 to 9.8 cm in width. The larger leaves, particularly those over 14 cm long, are typically found on young growth. The leaf apex is rounded or occasionally bluntly acuminate, and the base is cuneate. The surfaces of the leaves are glabrous or rarely pubescent and are conspicuously punctate, with the blades being membranous and either thin or somewhat thickened. The margins are entire, though they may occasionally be wavy-crenate on young growth. The reticulate veining is prominent, with the midrib and lateral veins often appearing red. Petioles are relatively short, ranging from 4 to 10 mm, and it does not have stipules. It is dioecious, with unisexual flowers arranged in axillary, racemose inflorescences that are 15–45(–60) mm long and may be glabrous or occasionally glandular puberulent, and rarely reddish pubescent with multicellular hairs. The pedicels are about 5–6 mm long and bracteolate at the base. The calyx is deeply 4–5-lobed, with the lobes being ovate and about 1 mm long, and the sepals are glabrous or rarely reddish pubescent with multicellular hairs. The corolla consists of 4–5 distinct, greenish petals densely punctate and narrowly imbricate in bud. The stamens are slightly more than half as long as the petals and are inserted near the base of the petals, being sterile in pistillate flowers. The ovary is superior, with three ovules in a single row, a short style, and a capitate stigma. Staminate flowers feature a rudimentary ovary. The fruits are dark purple depressed-globose drupes, 7–11 mm in diameter, with a crustaceous endocarp and without a persistent style. Each fruit contains a single subglobose seed. It is found scattered in mesic to occasionally wet forests between 125-1,650 meters.

Embelia pacifica

Family: Primulaceae

Hawaiian Name: kilioe

 Minimum Length: 5.43 (mm)

 Maximum Length: 5.81 (mm)

 Minimum Width: 5.40 (mm)

 Maximum Width: 5.61 (mm)

 Minimum Mass: 65.00 (mg)

 Maximum Mass: 76.00 (mg)

 Texture: Rugose

Geographic Distribution:

 Hawaii Island, Kauai, Lanai, Maui, Molokai, Oahu

PEPP Status:

Not Applicable

Native Status:

Endemic
Recalcitrant
Not Applicable

2D Seed Shapes

Bean-shaped (Reniform): Resembling the shape of a kidney or bean.

Square or Oblong: Angular shape with all sides more or less equal or longer than wide.

Triangular: Three-sided shape, broadest below the middle.

Elliptic: Rounded at both ends. shaped like an ellipse or oval.

Ovate or Obovate: egg-shaped, broader at one end.

Linear: Extremely long and narrow, with sides usually parallel.

Round: Appears circular, with length and width roughly the same.

Cardioid (Heart-Shaped): One edge has a prominent double curve into two lobes.

3D Seed Shapes

Cylindrical: A cylinder with parallel sides and a circular cross-section.

Discoid: Resembling a disc or plate with two relatively flat surfaces.

Fusiform: Spindle-shaped, tapering at both ends.

Globose: Spherical.

Lenticular: Resembling a lens with two convex surfaces.

Ovoid: Egg-shaped.

Plano-convex: Having a flat ventral (planar) surface and a curved dorsal (convex) surface.

Polygonal: Having more than three flat faces meeting at angles.

Sectoroid: Resembling a segment of an orange with two relatively flat faces and one curved face.

Subglobose/ellipsoid: Inflated shape but less than spherical.

Trigonous: Having three faces that meet at a distinct angle; triangular in cross-section.

Federal Status

Endangered species (E) are species that are so rare they’re in danger of becoming extinct.

Threatened species (T) are species that are likely to become endangered within the foreseeable future throughout all or a significant portion of their range.

Species of Concern (SOC) are species about which there are some concerns regarding status and threats, but insufficient information is available to list the species under the Endangered Species Act (ESA).

Plant Extinction Prevention (PEP) is a state status for rare plants that focuses its efforts on species that have fewer than 50 remaining wild individuals.

Storage Behavior

Orthodox seeds (desiccation-tolerant): can be dried to an internal seed moisture of less than 12% water and stored at freezing temperatures.

Intermediate seeds (temperature-sensitive) tend to age faster than orthodox seeds and may have only a 5-year lifespan when stored at -20°C. They are recommended for storage at 5°C.

Recalcitrant seeds (desiccation-sensitive): cannot be stored in a conventional freezer as they cannot survive after drying and/or freezing at -20°C. They are recommended for cryopreservation storage.