Description:

Lysimachia daphnoides is a small shrub that forms clumps ranging from 20–50 cm in height, with reddish-brown to dark brown bark and several ascending to erect stems. The young stems are densely viscid-hirtellous, eventually becoming glabrate. The leaves are simple, alternate, closely spaced, imbricate, and coriaceous, with oblong-oblanceolate to oblanceolate blades measuring 20–53 mm long and 6–14(–21) mm wide. The leaf apex is acuminate, the base is attenuate, and the surfaces are rusty viscid-hirtellous, particularly near the margins, midrib, and sometimes the base. It bears bisexual, actinomorphic (radially symmetric) flowers that are solitary in the leaf axils, 6–7-merous, with pedicels 15–35 mm long, extending up to 110 mm in fruit, and densely covered in rusty viscid-minute hairs. The calyx comprises 5 sepals with narrowly lanceolate to narrowly ovate lobes, sparsely viscid-hirtellous, and ciliate margins. The corolla is dark purple or burgundy, campanulate, 15–20 mm long, with obovate lobes. The stamens are as many as and opposite the corolla lobes, with filaments connate in the lower third and anthers dithecal. The fruit is a subglobose, regularly dehiscent capsule with dark brown, irregularly shaped, approximately 2 mm long seeds with a crustaceous seed coat. It is typically found in vegetation islands within swamps and bogs between 1,220 – 1,570 meters.

Lysimachia daphnoides

Family: Primulaceae

Hawaiian Name: lehua makanoe, kolokolo kuahiwi

 Minimum Length: 1.57 (mm)

 Maximum Length: 2.70 (mm)

 Minimum Width: 1.10 (mm)

 Maximum Width: 1.66 (mm)

 Minimum Mass: 0.28 (mg)

 Maximum Mass: 0.40 (mg)

 Texture: TBD

Geographic Distribution:

 Kauai

PEPP Status:

Not Applicable

Native Status:

Endemic

2D Seed Shapes

Bean-shaped (Reniform): Resembling the shape of a kidney or bean.

Square or Oblong: Angular shape with all sides more or less equal or longer than wide.

Triangular: Three-sided shape, broadest below the middle.

Elliptic: Rounded at both ends. shaped like an ellipse or oval.

Ovate or Obovate: egg-shaped, broader at one end.

Linear: Extremely long and narrow, with sides usually parallel.

Round: Appears circular, with length and width roughly the same.

Cardioid (Heart-Shaped): One edge has a prominent double curve into two lobes.

3D Seed Shapes

Cylindrical: A cylinder with parallel sides and a circular cross-section.

Discoid: Resembling a disc or plate with two relatively flat surfaces.

Fusiform: Spindle-shaped, tapering at both ends.

Globose: Spherical.

Lenticular: Resembling a lens with two convex surfaces.

Ovoid: Egg-shaped.

Plano-convex: Having a flat ventral (planar) surface and a curved dorsal (convex) surface.

Polygonal: Having more than three flat faces meeting at angles.

Sectoroid: Resembling a segment of an orange with two relatively flat faces and one curved face.

Subglobose/ellipsoid: Inflated shape but less than spherical.

Trigonous: Having three faces that meet at a distinct angle; triangular in cross-section.

Federal Status

Endangered species (E) are species that are so rare they’re in danger of becoming extinct.

Threatened species (T) are species that are likely to become endangered within the foreseeable future throughout all or a significant portion of their range.

Species of Concern (SOC) are species about which there are some concerns regarding status and threats, but insufficient information is available to list the species under the Endangered Species Act (ESA).

Plant Extinction Prevention (PEP) is a state status for rare plants that focuses its efforts on species that have fewer than 50 remaining wild individuals.

Storage Behavior

Orthodox seeds (desiccation-tolerant): can be dried to an internal seed moisture of less than 12% water and stored at freezing temperatures.

Intermediate seeds (temperature-sensitive) tend to age faster than orthodox seeds and may have only a 5-year lifespan when stored at -20°C. They are recommended for storage at 5°C.

Recalcitrant seeds (desiccation-sensitive): cannot be stored in a conventional freezer as they cannot survive after drying and/or freezing at -20°C. They are recommended for cryopreservation storage.