Description:

Lysimachia scopulensis is a branching shrub with stems reaching up to 75 cm long, displaying a red or green coloration and a pulverulent texture when young. The leaves are simple and alternate, spaced (0.5)2–7(8) mm apart, with oblanceolate or sometimes narrowly obovate blades. These blades are coriaceous, almost succulent, and contain internal glands, measuring (33)55–65(86) mm in length and (5)8–11(23) mm in width. The tips of the leaves are slight to extremely recurved, and the apex is attenuated while the base is acute. The upper surfaces of the leaves are dark green, drying to olive green, and are glabrous and pulverulent when young, whereas the lower surfaces are dark green, drying lighter than above, and also glabrous. The flowers are solitary in leaf axils, perfect, (5)6(7)-merous, and campanulate. The pedicels are 20–45 mm long, erect, and green. The calyx comprises five sepals with green or red lobes at the base, scarious margins, and a pulverulent yet glabrous texture. The corolla lobes are red and obovate, measuring 10–11 mm long and 6–7 mm wide. The filaments are 5 mm long, anthers are 2 mm long. It produces globose capsules as fruit, measuring 6.5–7.5(9) mm in size. The seeds are dark brown, irregularly shaped, and measure 2.0–2.5 mm long. It is found on cliffs within diverse lowland mesic forests in the upper Kalalau Valley between 780–880 meters.

Lysimachia scopulensis

Family: Primulaceae

Hawaiian Name: N/A

 Minimum Length: 2.00 (mm)

 Maximum Length: 2.45 (mm)

 Minimum Width: 1.21 (mm)

 Maximum Width: 1.68 (mm)

 Minimum Mass: 0.53 (mg)

 Maximum Mass: 0.87 (mg)

 Texture: TBD

Geographic Distribution:

 Kauai

PEPP Status:

Not Applicable

Native Status:

Endemic

2D Seed Shapes

Bean-shaped (Reniform): Resembling the shape of a kidney or bean.

Square or Oblong: Angular shape with all sides more or less equal or longer than wide.

Triangular: Three-sided shape, broadest below the middle.

Elliptic: Rounded at both ends. shaped like an ellipse or oval.

Ovate or Obovate: egg-shaped, broader at one end.

Linear: Extremely long and narrow, with sides usually parallel.

Round: Appears circular, with length and width roughly the same.

Cardioid (Heart-Shaped): One edge has a prominent double curve into two lobes.

3D Seed Shapes

Cylindrical: A cylinder with parallel sides and a circular cross-section.

Discoid: Resembling a disc or plate with two relatively flat surfaces.

Fusiform: Spindle-shaped, tapering at both ends.

Globose: Spherical.

Lenticular: Resembling a lens with two convex surfaces.

Ovoid: Egg-shaped.

Plano-convex: Having a flat ventral (planar) surface and a curved dorsal (convex) surface.

Polygonal: Having more than three flat faces meeting at angles.

Sectoroid: Resembling a segment of an orange with two relatively flat faces and one curved face.

Subglobose/ellipsoid: Inflated shape but less than spherical.

Trigonous: Having three faces that meet at a distinct angle; triangular in cross-section.

Federal Status

Endangered species (E) are species that are so rare they’re in danger of becoming extinct.

Threatened species (T) are species that are likely to become endangered within the foreseeable future throughout all or a significant portion of their range.

Species of Concern (SOC) are species about which there are some concerns regarding status and threats, but insufficient information is available to list the species under the Endangered Species Act (ESA).

Plant Extinction Prevention (PEP) is a state status for rare plants that focuses its efforts on species that have fewer than 50 remaining wild individuals.

Storage Behavior

Orthodox seeds (desiccation-tolerant): can be dried to an internal seed moisture of less than 12% water and stored at freezing temperatures.

Intermediate seeds (temperature-sensitive) tend to age faster than orthodox seeds and may have only a 5-year lifespan when stored at -20°C. They are recommended for storage at 5°C.

Recalcitrant seeds (desiccation-sensitive): cannot be stored in a conventional freezer as they cannot survive after drying and/or freezing at -20°C. They are recommended for cryopreservation storage.