Description:

Phyllostegia hispida is a diffuse vine, often forming large tangled masses with many branched stems that are densely covered in long, spreading hairs, some of which may be gland-tipped. It has simple, opposite leaves that are deltate to narrowly deltate, measuring 2.5–6 cm in length and 1.1–2.5 cm in width, sometimes reaching up to 15 cm long and 5 cm wide. These leaves have a cordate base and an acute to obtuse apex, with upper surfaces that are sparse to moderately covered in stiff hairs (hispid). In contrast, the lower surfaces are inconspicuously dotted with glands and similarly hispid, especially along the veins. The leaf margins are irregularly and shallowly lobed, with deltate lobes, and the petioles are 0.8–2.5 cm long, extending up to 6.2 cm, and densely hispid. The flowers, numbering 6–8 per verticillaster (an inflorescence that resembles a whorl but consists of two crowded cymes on either side of the stem), are arranged in unbranched, leafy, terminal, racemose inflorescences approximately 5–20 cm in length. The calyx is bell-shaped, 3–3.5 mm long, and the corolla is bilabiate, white, with a narrowly funnel-shaped tube about 6–8 mm long, covered in hair. It has four stamens with dithecal anthers opening by longitudinal slits. The superior ovary leads to a drupaceous fruit, dark green to black, approximately 2.5 mm long, one-seeded, with a fleshy outer layer and slightly winged margins. These seeds lack an endosperm or are scanty and oily. It occurs in wet forests between 700–1,280 meters.

Phyllostegia hispida

Family: Lamiaceae

Hawaiian Name: N/A

 Minimum Length: 2.43 (mm)

 Maximum Length: 2.47 (mm)

 Minimum Width: 1.09 (mm)

 Maximum Width: 1.20 (mm)

 Minimum Mass: 0.75 (mg)

 Maximum Mass: 1.06 (mg)

 Texture: TBD

Geographic Distribution:

 Molokai

PEPP Status:

PEPP

Native Status:

Endemic

2D Seed Shapes

Bean-shaped (Reniform): Resembling the shape of a kidney or bean.

Square or Oblong: Angular shape with all sides more or less equal or longer than wide.

Triangular: Three-sided shape, broadest below the middle.

Elliptic: Rounded at both ends. shaped like an ellipse or oval.

Ovate or Obovate: egg-shaped, broader at one end.

Linear: Extremely long and narrow, with sides usually parallel.

Round: Appears circular, with length and width roughly the same.

Cardioid (Heart-Shaped): One edge has a prominent double curve into two lobes.

3D Seed Shapes

Cylindrical: A cylinder with parallel sides and a circular cross-section.

Discoid: Resembling a disc or plate with two relatively flat surfaces.

Fusiform: Spindle-shaped, tapering at both ends.

Globose: Spherical.

Lenticular: Resembling a lens with two convex surfaces.

Ovoid: Egg-shaped.

Plano-convex: Having a flat ventral (planar) surface and a curved dorsal (convex) surface.

Polygonal: Having more than three flat faces meeting at angles.

Sectoroid: Resembling a segment of an orange with two relatively flat faces and one curved face.

Subglobose/ellipsoid: Inflated shape but less than spherical.

Trigonous: Having three faces that meet at a distinct angle; triangular in cross-section.

Federal Status

Endangered species (E) are species that are so rare they’re in danger of becoming extinct.

Threatened species (T) are species that are likely to become endangered within the foreseeable future throughout all or a significant portion of their range.

Species of Concern (SOC) are species about which there are some concerns regarding status and threats, but insufficient information is available to list the species under the Endangered Species Act (ESA).

Plant Extinction Prevention (PEP) is a state status for rare plants that focuses its efforts on species that have fewer than 50 remaining wild individuals.

Storage Behavior

Orthodox seeds (desiccation-tolerant): can be dried to an internal seed moisture of less than 12% water and stored at freezing temperatures.

Intermediate seeds (temperature-sensitive) tend to age faster than orthodox seeds and may have only a 5-year lifespan when stored at -20°C. They are recommended for storage at 5°C.

Recalcitrant seeds (desiccation-sensitive): cannot be stored in a conventional freezer as they cannot survive after drying and/or freezing at -20°C. They are recommended for cryopreservation storage.