Description:

Pittosporum confertiflorum is a shrub or small tree ranging from 2 to 9 meters tall. The young plants are characterized by dense reddish-brown to brown or occasionally part pale brown and part whitish tomentose growth. The branches exhibit a reddish-brown to dark brown tomentose coloration that becomes subglabrate over time. The leaves are simple and alternate, with broadly to narrowly obovate or spatulate blades that measure 7–30 cm in length and 1–11 cm in width. The apex of the leaves ranges from obtuse to rounded or acute to occasionally short-acuminate, and the base is attenuate. The upper surfaces of the leaves feature prominently impressed veins, which are initially tomentose but become glabrate shortly after. The lower surfaces are densely or moderately tomentose, especially evident in plants from O’ahu, and the leaves are subcoriaceous to coriaceous and moderately rugose. The margins of the leaves are entire and slightly to strongly revolute. It produces densely tomentose flowers and is located on 3–25 (–55) mm long peduncles. The flowers, which can be either bisexual (perfect) or unisexual, are arranged in terminal, axillary, or cauline simple corymbose inflorescences, typically numbering 5–14 per group. The calyx is broadly cup-shaped, with five distinct sepals lanceolate to broadly ovate or suborbicular, measuring 2–7 mm long and densely covered in tomentose. The corolla consists of white to cream petals that are 13–23 mm long. The stamens are distinct, and the ovary is superior, 2-carpellate, and 2–3-celled, with numerous ovules arranged in two rows per placenta. The fruit is a capsule that is ovoid to broadly ovoid, densely brown to reddish-brown, sometimes compressed, and measures 20–35 mm long. It is initially densely tomentose and becomes sparsely so at maturity. The seeds are approximately 30–50 in number, black to brown or reddish-black, irregularly angled and compressed, or subreniform, and measure 6–8 mm in length. It inhabits various environments, from dry to wet and subalpine forests between 180-2,200 meters.

Pittosporum confertiflorum

Family: Pittosporaceae

Hawaiian Name: hō‘awa, hā‘awa

 Minimum Length: 6.15 (mm)

 Maximum Length: 7.65 (mm)

 Minimum Width: 3.99 (mm)

 Maximum Width: 6.16 (mm)

 Minimum Mass: 33.9 (mg)

 Maximum Mass: 62.8 (mg)

 Texture: Viscid

Geographic Distribution:

 Hawaii Island, Lanai, Maui, Oahu

PEPP Status:

Not Applicable

Native Status:

Endemic
Intermediate

2D Seed Shapes

Bean-shaped (Reniform): Resembling the shape of a kidney or bean.

Square or Oblong: Angular shape with all sides more or less equal or longer than wide.

Triangular: Three-sided shape, broadest below the middle.

Elliptic: Rounded at both ends. shaped like an ellipse or oval.

Ovate or Obovate: egg-shaped, broader at one end.

Linear: Extremely long and narrow, with sides usually parallel.

Round: Appears circular, with length and width roughly the same.

Cardioid (Heart-Shaped): One edge has a prominent double curve into two lobes.

3D Seed Shapes

Cylindrical: A cylinder with parallel sides and a circular cross-section.

Discoid: Resembling a disc or plate with two relatively flat surfaces.

Fusiform: Spindle-shaped, tapering at both ends.

Globose: Spherical.

Lenticular: Resembling a lens with two convex surfaces.

Ovoid: Egg-shaped.

Plano-convex: Having a flat ventral (planar) surface and a curved dorsal (convex) surface.

Polygonal: Having more than three flat faces meeting at angles.

Sectoroid: Resembling a segment of an orange with two relatively flat faces and one curved face.

Subglobose/ellipsoid: Inflated shape but less than spherical.

Trigonous: Having three faces that meet at a distinct angle; triangular in cross-section.

Federal Status

Endangered species (E) are species that are so rare they’re in danger of becoming extinct.

Threatened species (T) are species that are likely to become endangered within the foreseeable future throughout all or a significant portion of their range.

Species of Concern (SOC) are species about which there are some concerns regarding status and threats, but insufficient information is available to list the species under the Endangered Species Act (ESA).

Plant Extinction Prevention (PEP) is a state status for rare plants that focuses its efforts on species that have fewer than 50 remaining wild individuals.

Storage Behavior

Orthodox seeds (desiccation-tolerant): can be dried to an internal seed moisture of less than 12% water and stored at freezing temperatures.

Intermediate seeds (temperature-sensitive) tend to age faster than orthodox seeds and may have only a 5-year lifespan when stored at -20°C. They are recommended for storage at 5°C.

Recalcitrant seeds (desiccation-sensitive): cannot be stored in a conventional freezer as they cannot survive after drying and/or freezing at -20°C. They are recommended for cryopreservation storage.