


Plantago princeps var. princeps is a small shrub or robust perennial herb with hollow, erect, or ascending stems up to 60 cm long, branched, and young internodes ± woolly with reddish brown hairs. The leaves are tufted near the stem tips, with narrowly oblong-lanceolate to narrowly elliptic or sometimes elliptic blades, 6–20 cm long and 1.5–5 cm wide, thick, and coriaceous. The leaf base is slightly narrowed and sessile or gradually attenuates to a winged petiole, with glabrous surfaces or sometimes appressed pilose on the lower side. The margins are minutely and remotely denticulate or entirely smooth, with (3–)5–9 veins converging toward the base and winged petioles up to 5 cm long. The flowers occur on scapes, typically several, ranging from 10 to 50 cm in length, with spikes (7–)11–28 cm long that are glabrous to sparsely pilose and densely flowered. Each flower, which is bisexual (perfect), spreads at nearly a 90° angle to the axis. The calyx comprises four sepals, elliptic to elliptic-ovate, 1.8–3.2 mm long, and is scarious except on the midrib, with an apex that is sometimes minutely erose. The corolla is salverform with four lobes, persistent in fruit, and covers the upper part of the capsule, with spreading lobes 1.5–2 mm long. There are four stamens alternating with the corolla tubes, with filaments adnate to the corolla tube and long-exserted, dithecal anthers that open by longitudinal slits. The superior ovary is 2-carpellate with axile placentation and (2?)4 ovules. The style is terminal and slender. The fruit is a narrowly ovoid-ellipsoid capsule, 3–3.8 mm long, slightly exserted from the persistent calyx, and opens at a point two-thirds to the base or slightly more. It contains 3–4 black ellipsoid to oblong-ellipsoid seeds, 1.5–2.1 mm long, with a surface that has a mucilaginous membrane and a well-developed, firm, translucent endosperm. It inhabits shaded slopes between 480-550 meters.
Bean-shaped (Reniform): Resembling the shape of a kidney or bean.
Square or Oblong: Angular shape with all sides more or less equal or longer than wide.
Triangular: Three-sided shape, broadest below the middle.
Elliptic: Rounded at both ends. shaped like an ellipse or oval.
Ovate or Obovate: egg-shaped, broader at one end.
Linear: Extremely long and narrow, with sides usually parallel.
Round: Appears circular, with length and width roughly the same.
Cardioid (Heart-Shaped): One edge has a prominent double curve into two lobes.
Cylindrical: A cylinder with parallel sides and a circular cross-section.
Discoid: Resembling a disc or plate with two relatively flat surfaces.
Fusiform: Spindle-shaped, tapering at both ends.
Globose: Spherical.
Lenticular: Resembling a lens with two convex surfaces.
Ovoid: Egg-shaped.
Plano-convex: Having a flat ventral (planar) surface and a curved dorsal (convex) surface.
Polygonal: Having more than three flat faces meeting at angles.
Sectoroid: Resembling a segment of an orange with two relatively flat faces and one curved face.
Subglobose/ellipsoid: Inflated shape but less than spherical.
Trigonous: Having three faces that meet at a distinct angle; triangular in cross-section.
Endangered species (E) are species that are so rare they’re in danger of becoming extinct.
Threatened species (T) are species that are likely to become endangered within the foreseeable future throughout all or a significant portion of their range.
Species of Concern (SOC) are species about which there are some concerns regarding status and threats, but insufficient information is available to list the species under the Endangered Species Act (ESA).
Plant Extinction Prevention (PEP) is a state status for rare plants that focuses its efforts on species that have fewer than 50 remaining wild individuals.
Orthodox seeds (desiccation-tolerant): can be dried to an internal seed moisture of less than 12% water and stored at freezing temperatures.
Intermediate seeds (temperature-sensitive) tend to age faster than orthodox seeds and may have only a 5-year lifespan when stored at -20°C. They are recommended for storage at 5°C.
Recalcitrant seeds (desiccation-sensitive): cannot be stored in a conventional freezer as they cannot survive after drying and/or freezing at -20°C. They are recommended for cryopreservation storage.