


Polyscias bisattenuata is a tree that typically reaches 2 to 4 meters, notable for the presence of secretory canals in most parts. The leaves of this species are compound, consisting of 5 or 7 leaflets arranged alternately along the stem. Each leaf blade extends 2–2.5 decimeters in length, with leaflets fusiform in outline, measuring 6–9 cm long and 2.5–4.5 cm wide, showcasing a unique attenuate form at both ends, providing a distinctive appearance. The petiolules are relatively long, reaching up to 3.5 cm, which supports the leaflets and contributes to the overall leaf architecture. The margins of the leaflets are entirely smooth, with petioles stretching 6–7 cm in length, enhancing the structural elegance of the foliage. Stipules are either absent or rudimentary, reflecting a simplified leaf base structure. The inflorescence resembles that of Polyscias waialealae, with a single observed peduncle measuring 8.5 cm long. Secondary branches extend 3.5–4 cm long, hosting about 4–5 flowers each, supported by pedicels approximately 1.5–1.8 cm long. The flowers are bisexual and actinomorphic (radially symmetric), often appearing terminal but may seem lateral due to the plant’s growth pattern. The calyx, transitioning to a more or less cylindrical shape at anthesis, measures about 7–8 mm tall and 4–5 mm thick, presenting a 4- or 5-angled aspect. Petals number 6, pink in color, forming a hemispheric-conic shape upon shedding, measuring about 5.5 mm in height and slightly broader. It has approximately 12–19 stamens, an inferior ovary, (6–)8–24-carpellate, and is topped by a disk that matures into a hollow, conical stylopodium, 1–3 mm in height, adorned with a rim of stigmatic bulges. The fruits are drupes, containing a single seed per pyrene with a tiny embryo. It is found in open shrubland/herbland, favoring steep slopes, ridges, and disturbed lowland wet forests between 420–710 meters.
Bean-shaped (Reniform): Resembling the shape of a kidney or bean.
Square or Oblong: Angular shape with all sides more or less equal or longer than wide.
Triangular: Three-sided shape, broadest below the middle.
Elliptic: Rounded at both ends. shaped like an ellipse or oval.
Ovate or Obovate: egg-shaped, broader at one end.
Linear: Extremely long and narrow, with sides usually parallel.
Round: Appears circular, with length and width roughly the same.
Cardioid (Heart-Shaped): One edge has a prominent double curve into two lobes.
Cylindrical: A cylinder with parallel sides and a circular cross-section.
Discoid: Resembling a disc or plate with two relatively flat surfaces.
Fusiform: Spindle-shaped, tapering at both ends.
Globose: Spherical.
Lenticular: Resembling a lens with two convex surfaces.
Ovoid: Egg-shaped.
Plano-convex: Having a flat ventral (planar) surface and a curved dorsal (convex) surface.
Polygonal: Having more than three flat faces meeting at angles.
Sectoroid: Resembling a segment of an orange with two relatively flat faces and one curved face.
Subglobose/ellipsoid: Inflated shape but less than spherical.
Trigonous: Having three faces that meet at a distinct angle; triangular in cross-section.
Endangered species (E) are species that are so rare they’re in danger of becoming extinct.
Threatened species (T) are species that are likely to become endangered within the foreseeable future throughout all or a significant portion of their range.
Species of Concern (SOC) are species about which there are some concerns regarding status and threats, but insufficient information is available to list the species under the Endangered Species Act (ESA).
Plant Extinction Prevention (PEP) is a state status for rare plants that focuses its efforts on species that have fewer than 50 remaining wild individuals.
Orthodox seeds (desiccation-tolerant): can be dried to an internal seed moisture of less than 12% water and stored at freezing temperatures.
Intermediate seeds (temperature-sensitive) tend to age faster than orthodox seeds and may have only a 5-year lifespan when stored at -20°C. They are recommended for storage at 5°C.
Recalcitrant seeds (desiccation-sensitive): cannot be stored in a conventional freezer as they cannot survive after drying and/or freezing at -20°C. They are recommended for cryopreservation storage.