Description:

Stenogyne kaalae subsp. kaalae is a scandent vine that climbs 1–2 meters high. The stems are quadrangular and feature pubescence in their grooves. The leaves are simple and opposite, with ovate-lanceolate blades measuring 4.2–7.7 cm in length and 1.7–2.9 cm in width. The apex is acute, and the base ranges from obtuse to cordate. The leaf surfaces are glabrous and subcoriaceous, with thin, membranous textures. Edges are serrated, and 5–15 mm long petioles are glabrous or sometimes sparsely hairy. There are no stipules. The flowers occur 2–6 per verticillaster (inflorescence that resembles a whorl but consists of two crowded cymes on either side of the stem), positioned axially, and sometimes raised on 4–8 mm long peduncles, with 4–7 mm long pedicels that are puberulent. The calyx is radially symmetrical and narrowly campanulate, ranging from 8–15 mm long at anthesis and enlarging during fruiting; it is glabrous with linear-lanceolate teeth. The bilabiate corolla features a dark maroon tube and lobes, with the exterior hispid and the interior glandular-pubescent. The corolla tube is 10–12.5 mm long, narrowly funnelform and straight. Stamens are typically four, with lengths similar or with the upper pair slightly longer, included within or well-exserted beyond the upper lip of the corolla; filaments are pubescent. The ovary is superior, 2-carpellate with basal-axile placentation, and usually one ovule per ovary lobe. The style is exserted, usually cleft, diverging post-anther dehiscence, with two subulate stigmas. The fruit consists of 1-seeded, drupaceous nutlets (pictured), bluish black at maturity, about 7 mm long, slightly winged at the margins, obliquely attached at the base, and included within the calyx; the exocarp is fleshy. The seeds lack an endosperm or are scanty and oily. It is found in diverse mesic forests between 750-1,100 meters.

Stenogyne kaalae subsp. kaalae

Family: Lamiaceae

Hawaiian Name: N/A

 Minimum Length: 7.39 (mm)

 Maximum Length: 7.59 (mm)

 Minimum Width: 4.30 (mm)

 Maximum Width: 4.60 (mm)

 Minimum Mass: 9.29 (mg)

 Maximum Mass: 10.52 (mg)

 Texture: TBD

Geographic Distribution:

 Oahu
Species Of Concern

PEPP Status:

PEPP

Native Status:

Endemic

2D Seed Shapes

Bean-shaped (Reniform): Resembling the shape of a kidney or bean.

Square or Oblong: Angular shape with all sides more or less equal or longer than wide.

Triangular: Three-sided shape, broadest below the middle.

Elliptic: Rounded at both ends. shaped like an ellipse or oval.

Ovate or Obovate: egg-shaped, broader at one end.

Linear: Extremely long and narrow, with sides usually parallel.

Round: Appears circular, with length and width roughly the same.

Cardioid (Heart-Shaped): One edge has a prominent double curve into two lobes.

3D Seed Shapes

Cylindrical: A cylinder with parallel sides and a circular cross-section.

Discoid: Resembling a disc or plate with two relatively flat surfaces.

Fusiform: Spindle-shaped, tapering at both ends.

Globose: Spherical.

Lenticular: Resembling a lens with two convex surfaces.

Ovoid: Egg-shaped.

Plano-convex: Having a flat ventral (planar) surface and a curved dorsal (convex) surface.

Polygonal: Having more than three flat faces meeting at angles.

Sectoroid: Resembling a segment of an orange with two relatively flat faces and one curved face.

Subglobose/ellipsoid: Inflated shape but less than spherical.

Trigonous: Having three faces that meet at a distinct angle; triangular in cross-section.

Federal Status

Endangered species (E) are species that are so rare they’re in danger of becoming extinct.

Threatened species (T) are species that are likely to become endangered within the foreseeable future throughout all or a significant portion of their range.

Species of Concern (SOC) are species about which there are some concerns regarding status and threats, but insufficient information is available to list the species under the Endangered Species Act (ESA).

Plant Extinction Prevention (PEP) is a state status for rare plants that focuses its efforts on species that have fewer than 50 remaining wild individuals.

Storage Behavior

Orthodox seeds (desiccation-tolerant): can be dried to an internal seed moisture of less than 12% water and stored at freezing temperatures.

Intermediate seeds (temperature-sensitive) tend to age faster than orthodox seeds and may have only a 5-year lifespan when stored at -20°C. They are recommended for storage at 5°C.

Recalcitrant seeds (desiccation-sensitive): cannot be stored in a conventional freezer as they cannot survive after drying and/or freezing at -20°C. They are recommended for cryopreservation storage.