


Tetramolopium stemmermanniae is a perennial shrub that grows erect, reaching up to 1.5 meters tall. The plant is single-stemmed at the base and branches above. The stems are round, sparsely strigose, glandular, and resinous. The leaves are alternate, linear to lanceolate, measuring 3.6–7.3 cm long and 3.7–8.5 mm wide. The leaf surfaces are strigose and glandular-punctate, with more densely strigose midribs on the adaxial (upper) surface and even more densely strigose on the abaxial (lower) surface. The margins are strigose and subsessile. The flowers are arranged in open corymbose panicles with 38–71 heads. The peduncles are 0.5–1.6 cm long, flexuous, and covered with strigose hairs. Each flower head is subtended by two linear-lanceolate bracteoles, 1.5–2.0 mm long. The involucres are sub-hemispheric to obconic in shape, measuring 3.5–4.5 mm long and 1.0–1.5 mm in diameter. Phyllaries are 14–25 in 2–3 series, narrow, strigose near the base, and becoming sparsely strigose to glabrate toward the apex, with hyaline and ciliate margins near the base. Ray florets are pistillate, 15–25 in 1 series, with corolla tubes 1.7–2.1 mm long and ligules 1.3–2.0 mm long, usually white and becoming recurved with age. Disk florets are bisexual, 3–6 per head, goblet-shaped, with corollas 1.6–2.0 mm long, maroon in bud, and yellow in anthesis. The fruit is a simple, dry achene (cypsela), 1.5–2 mm long and 0.6–0.8 mm wide, oblanceolate, sparsely glandular strigose on both surfaces, becoming more strigose towards the apex. The edges are thickened and coriaceous, with 0–1 nerve on the faces. The pappus is white, 2.3–3.2 mm long, with barbellate bristles. It is found in native forests and old lava flows between 1525-1725 meters.
Bean-shaped (Reniform): Resembling the shape of a kidney or bean.
Square or Oblong: Angular shape with all sides more or less equal or longer than wide.
Triangular: Three-sided shape, broadest below the middle.
Elliptic: Rounded at both ends. shaped like an ellipse or oval.
Ovate or Obovate: egg-shaped, broader at one end.
Linear: Extremely long and narrow, with sides usually parallel.
Round: Appears circular, with length and width roughly the same.
Cardioid (Heart-Shaped): One edge has a prominent double curve into two lobes.
Cylindrical: A cylinder with parallel sides and a circular cross-section.
Discoid: Resembling a disc or plate with two relatively flat surfaces.
Fusiform: Spindle-shaped, tapering at both ends.
Globose: Spherical.
Lenticular: Resembling a lens with two convex surfaces.
Ovoid: Egg-shaped.
Plano-convex: Having a flat ventral (planar) surface and a curved dorsal (convex) surface.
Polygonal: Having more than three flat faces meeting at angles.
Sectoroid: Resembling a segment of an orange with two relatively flat faces and one curved face.
Subglobose/ellipsoid: Inflated shape but less than spherical.
Trigonous: Having three faces that meet at a distinct angle; triangular in cross-section.
Endangered species (E) are species that are so rare they’re in danger of becoming extinct.
Threatened species (T) are species that are likely to become endangered within the foreseeable future throughout all or a significant portion of their range.
Species of Concern (SOC) are species about which there are some concerns regarding status and threats, but insufficient information is available to list the species under the Endangered Species Act (ESA).
Plant Extinction Prevention (PEP) is a state status for rare plants that focuses its efforts on species that have fewer than 50 remaining wild individuals.
Orthodox seeds (desiccation-tolerant): can be dried to an internal seed moisture of less than 12% water and stored at freezing temperatures.
Intermediate seeds (temperature-sensitive) tend to age faster than orthodox seeds and may have only a 5-year lifespan when stored at -20°C. They are recommended for storage at 5°C.
Recalcitrant seeds (desiccation-sensitive): cannot be stored in a conventional freezer as they cannot survive after drying and/or freezing at -20°C. They are recommended for cryopreservation storage.