Description:

Wikstroemia furcata is a shrub or small tree that can grow up to 4.5 meters tall. The stems of the young branches are rusty tomentose or sometimes have scattered hairs, and rarely are they glabrous. The leaves are simple and opposite, with broadly elliptic or narrowly ovate blades measuring (5–)7–12(–20) cm long and (1.8–)3–5(–9) cm wide. The leaf apex is acute or acuminate, sometimes obtuse, and the base is broadly rounded, cuneate, or bluntly tapering. The surfaces are glabrous or have scattered hairs along the midrib on the lower surface, with pilose or glabrous petioles. The leaves are dark green on the upper surface and lighter on the lower surface, chartaceous. The margins are entire, and the veins are pinnate. Petioles are 4–10 mm long, either pilose or glabrous. Stipules are absent. The flowers are borne on peduncles 3–7 mm long, slightly pilose or glabrous, with a stout rachis that elongates up to 50 mm or more in fruit and is densely hirsute and usually repeatedly forked. Pedicels are 1–3 mm long and tomentose. The flowers are bisexual (perfect), greenish or yellowish green, and typically pubescent, becoming glabrate. The calyx tube is 7.5–12 mm long, with outer lobes 2–4 mm long and 1.2–3.5 mm wide, and inner lobes 2–3.7 mm long and 1.2–3.5 mm wide. There are no petals (corolla absent). There are eight stamens, with the lower whorl included and the upper whorl sometimes shortly exserted. The ovary is superior, 1-celled, with solitary and pendulous ovules. The fruit is bright red or orangish red, ellipsoid, 10–15 mm long, and 5.5–8 mm in diameter; drupaceous, with seeds that lack an endosperm. It is found scattered in hala (Pandanus tectorius) forest and is common in diverse mesic forest environments between 380-1,220 meters.

Wikstroemia furcata

Family: Thymelaeaceae

Hawaiian Name: ‘ākia, kauhi

 Minimum Length: 7.62 (mm)

 Maximum Length: 9.41 (mm)

 Minimum Width: 3.39 (mm)

 Maximum Width: 5.70 (mm)

 Minimum Mass: 56.52 (mg)

 Maximum Mass: 78.82 (mg)

 Texture: Glabrous

Geographic Distribution:

 Kauai

PEPP Status:

Not Applicable

Native Status:

Endemic
Intermediate

2D Seed Shapes

Bean-shaped (Reniform): Resembling the shape of a kidney or bean.

Square or Oblong: Angular shape with all sides more or less equal or longer than wide.

Triangular: Three-sided shape, broadest below the middle.

Elliptic: Rounded at both ends. shaped like an ellipse or oval.

Ovate or Obovate: egg-shaped, broader at one end.

Linear: Extremely long and narrow, with sides usually parallel.

Round: Appears circular, with length and width roughly the same.

Cardioid (Heart-Shaped): One edge has a prominent double curve into two lobes.

3D Seed Shapes

Cylindrical: A cylinder with parallel sides and a circular cross-section.

Discoid: Resembling a disc or plate with two relatively flat surfaces.

Fusiform: Spindle-shaped, tapering at both ends.

Globose: Spherical.

Lenticular: Resembling a lens with two convex surfaces.

Ovoid: Egg-shaped.

Plano-convex: Having a flat ventral (planar) surface and a curved dorsal (convex) surface.

Polygonal: Having more than three flat faces meeting at angles.

Sectoroid: Resembling a segment of an orange with two relatively flat faces and one curved face.

Subglobose/ellipsoid: Inflated shape but less than spherical.

Trigonous: Having three faces that meet at a distinct angle; triangular in cross-section.

Federal Status

Endangered species (E) are species that are so rare they’re in danger of becoming extinct.

Threatened species (T) are species that are likely to become endangered within the foreseeable future throughout all or a significant portion of their range.

Species of Concern (SOC) are species about which there are some concerns regarding status and threats, but insufficient information is available to list the species under the Endangered Species Act (ESA).

Plant Extinction Prevention (PEP) is a state status for rare plants that focuses its efforts on species that have fewer than 50 remaining wild individuals.

Storage Behavior

Orthodox seeds (desiccation-tolerant): can be dried to an internal seed moisture of less than 12% water and stored at freezing temperatures.

Intermediate seeds (temperature-sensitive) tend to age faster than orthodox seeds and may have only a 5-year lifespan when stored at -20°C. They are recommended for storage at 5°C.

Recalcitrant seeds (desiccation-sensitive): cannot be stored in a conventional freezer as they cannot survive after drying and/or freezing at -20°C. They are recommended for cryopreservation storage.